NSA Spying - What is Metadata and What Does the Law Say

NSA Spying - What is Metadata and What Does the Law Say? Technology is in everything we do from using our home refrigerator, washer, cellular device, automobile, and or computer systems. When using certain devices you pass information to others pertaining to personal and private information. This information or metadata could be a bank account or credit card number, pin, and or password that we unconsciously share. We randomly give away this information at a dentist or doctor’s office, the local liquor store, or when we visit social media sites like Instagram, Facebook, Yahoo, and or Google. This information is all collected, stored, and tracked by big brother, and what are they doing with it, is the metadata being secured, American’s may never know. Disturbingly the National Security Agency (NSA) has been collecting metadata on Americans personal telephones and electronics devices for several years. This collection was happening before the NSA Analyst Edward Snowden leaked these facts to the world in late 2013. The NSA was formed in the 1950’s, and during this time frame the NSA disseminated intelligence information from electronic signals for foreign and counter intelligence purposes, which supported the American military needs. Currently the NSA has refocused their spying tactics to technology driven devices. The NSA has an extensive â€Å"telephone-metadata program, since 2001, and they collect phone records of virtually all Americans† (Lizza, 2013). Email and SocialShow MoreRelatedPursuit of Privacy and The National Security Agency1695 Words   |  7 Pageseffort to prevent any unauthorized spying on innocent civilians a court known as FISA was created in 1978 to regulate the NSA. Up until the events of September 11th, 2001, the NSA was used strictly as a tool for foreign investigation to decipher international communications (â€Å"Frequently Asked Questions About NSA† 1). Twenty-three days after the Twin Towers fell, President Bush passed the Patriot Act (â€Å"Timeline of NSA Domestic Spying† 16). This act ushered the NSA into a position of limitless capabilityRead MoreThe Use Of Mass Surveillance On Civilians Conducted By The Members Of The Five Eyes Program1335 Words   |  6 Pagesreasons as to why this is true. I will confront the objections claiming that such surveillance is legal by proving that it is, in fact, illegal and prove this by citing ambiguities in bureaucracy records. II. Violation of International Human Rights Law I will now argue that the mass surveillance of citizens by the participants of the Five Eyes program: The United States, Canada, Britain, Australia, and New Zealand is a clear violation of human rights. I will do this by demonstrating that governmentRead MoreThe NSA Surveillance Constitutionality: Edward Snowden974 Words   |  4 PagesJune 6, 2013 the details of the National Security Agency’s (NSA) surveillance activities where given by Edward Snowden to the public; raising concerns of Americans about their privacy. Edward Snowden, a former employee of the NSA, gave the alarming details of surveillance programs in his interview on how the NSA accesses our emails, calls, internet activity, and anything else that is related to technology. In this system of surveillance the NSA can gather data from companies and tap the cables that areRead MoreThe Nsa Had Committed 2776 Violations1698 Words   |  7 Pagespeople discovered that the NSA had committed 2,776 violations to the la w. The NSA was mainly spying on other countries while those other countries were spying on the United States.The U.S. government tried to explain why they did those infractions with the excuse that they were unintentional. The court ruled it as unconstitutional. As of now, the United States has collected every single piece of data that has been placed on the world wide web and is stored in a metadata machine.This means that anyoneRead MoreEssay on The Patriot Act is Unconstitutional2556 Words   |  11 Pagesthe â€Å"Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism† (The USA Patriot), USA PATRIOT act, was signed into law with 98 votes of support in the Senate and 357 votes of support in the house, with 67 votes in descent total. Many Congressmen who signed the bill â€Å"now say they did not even read it before voting in favor† (The USA Patriot). A version of the bill had already gone through committee and was approved by the ACLU, however, thatRead MoreEdward Snowden and The Government Data Collection Program1439 Words   |  6 PagesLon Snowden, as well as others have compared Edward Snowden to â€Å"Paul Revere† and have called him a â€Å"Hero† while others vilify him (Gidda 3). Technically what he has done is a crime, yet many people rally to his defence. â€Å"There is every reason to believe the federal government has been collecting every bit of information about every American’s phone calls†(Hertzberg 2). Through Edward Snowden’s actions we have learned of the governments data collecting program: Prism. This has provoked the publicRead MoreDigital Privacy Concerns Essay1565 Words   |  7 Pagesexpressing his acknowledgement of the issue, failed to discuss an array of other pressing dilemmas regulated by the recently exposed National Security Agency (NSA), especially those involving the mass data stockpiles and the rights of foreigners ag ainst immoderate and disproportionate surveillance by the US. Furthermore, the intentions of the NSA still remain unclear; why is the collection and the extended retention of this data useful? Those in power believe that the collection of this informationRead MoreThe Case Of Whistleblower Edward Snowden1867 Words   |  8 PagesFrom the time children can understand the concepts of what is right and what is wrong, it is instilled in them to do what is right, even if it will get them in trouble. Sadly, as those children grow up they learn the harsh reality that speaking truth to power can lead to prosecution. Such is the case of whistleblower Edward Snowden. A former contractor for the United States National Security Agency (NSA). Who in May of 2013 contacted veteran journalist Glen Greenwald and award-winning DocumentaryRead MoreThe Patriot Act Is A Tricky Thing1361 Words   |  6 PagesCreating a law is a tricky thing. No matter what is decided upon someone will end up unhappy. Unlike most laws that are made, the Patriot Act is highly controversial and a double-edge sword. Some think it is to help keep our nation safer against future acts of terror. Others think it is a complete disregard of our constitutional rights. This program is by all measure a violation and neglect of every American individual’s civil liberties. The NSA surveillance program as authorized by section 215 ofRead MoreEssay on Is Big Brother Watching You?1669 Words   |  7 Pagessome point were considered impossible. The concept of having a personal computer was once impractical because the computers were just too big for the average home, now we can just about fit them in our pockets. What happens when that kind of innovation and creativity is turned against you? What if someone else was watching you through your computer without you ever knowing? Government surveillance has always been an issue in the past, a touchy one at that; people love their privacy however with webcams

Treatments For Schizophrenia And Its Effects On Society

Treatments for Schizophrenia M. Arah Enoh Southwestern Oklahoma State University Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe brain disorder which causes people to have odd thoughts, disturbed emotions and motor abnormalities (Carpenter, 2015). It is usually followed by psychosis, disconnecting from reality. People sometimes hear thoughts; some may think others are plotting against them. Even though individuals with schizophrenia have split personalities, it does not mean they are violent or dangerous. Schizophrenic people do not make sense when they speak. Approximately 1 of every 100 people in the world suffers from schizophrenia during his or her lifetime (Lindenmayer Khan, 2012). An estimated 24 million people worldwide are afflicted with this disorder, 2.5 million people in the United States (NIMH, 2015). This disorder tends to affect people in the lower levels of the social economical classes. It is called having a downward drift by which having schizophrenia can cause someone to function poorly and go from a high to low social economical level. People with schizoph renia often rely on families and their environments for help them daily with daily tasks (NIMH, 2015). Schizophrenia causes symptoms: positive, negative, and psychomotor. Current treatments for schizophrenia are the second generation antipsychotic. Causes and symptoms vary between individuals. The causes of schizophrenia are unknown, however some researchers say it is caused by genetics (PiotrowksiShow MoreRelatedSocial Stigma Associated With Mental Illnesses1725 Words   |  7 Pagespeople with schizophrenia by heavily sedating them with meds humane, and does it give them a fair shot at life? I believe that in today’s day and age in society, there is a negative social stigma associated with mental illnesses, specifically Schizophrenia, and that not a lot of time, thought, or effort goes into getting these people the help they so desperately need, to ensure that they can still live a healthy life. When it comes to the treatment options for people with Schizophrenia, there areRead MoreSeizures and the Brain1084 Words   |  4 Pagescomponent in the biological paradigm for treatment of schizophrenia. At this early stage of understanding schizophrenia’s pathology, it was believed these chemicals were imbalanced and shocking the brain would force a rebalance of these vital chemicals. Once rebalanced, it was hypothesized the patient would no longer suffer from schizophrenia (Tharyan, 2005). The insight into treating neurotransmitter imbalances in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia began the treatment path to present day antipsychoticRead MoreA Brief Descriptio n of Schizophrenia1135 Words   |  5 Pagesschizophrenia.com schizophrenia is a complex, debilitating mental disorder that 1-2% of the world population experience. It is a disorder of the brain that affects how people think, feel, and perceive. The purpose of this paper is to explore schizophrenia, in particular its signs, symptoms, etiology and pathophysiology, and then examine drug treatment and their mechanism of action. This will be followed by the prognosis for people with schizophrenia. Signs and Symptoms Early signs of schizophrenia includeRead MoreJohn Forbes Nash, Jr.1739 Words   |  7 PagesPrize in Economic Sciences. In 1959, while he was teaching at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), he displayed some symptoms of Paranoid Schizophrenia. He suffered from hallucinations and delusions. Once he said that he has encrypted messages from outer space. People thought it was a joke, but they didn t know that he was suffering from Schizophrenia. After his illness, he resigned from MIT and went to Europe. When he came back, he mostly hanged around Princeton campus and wrote about himselfRead MoreSarah and Angela The Many Misconceptions and Misunderstandings of Schizophrenia Misunderstood with1200 Words   |  5 PagesMisconceptions and Misunderstandings of Schizophrenia Misunderstood with the assistance of popular stigmas and stereotypes, schizophrenia and its severity is often degraded and overlooked by the public. Wrongly feared and shunned, individuals with schizophrenia have too commonly been judged throughout human history and even today. Many aspects of the disease are failed to be truly understood and represented, from the effects of the disease to the availability of treatment. Favored by the media, incorrectRead MoreSchizophrenia: Treatment and Diagnosis Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pages Schizophrenia: Treatment and Diagnosis In 1809, physician John Haslam published an account of what he considered â€Å"A form of insanity†. Haslam described many symptoms that are relevant to modern day schizophrenia including delusions of grandeur and hallucinations. During the latter part of the nineteenth century, a German psychiatrist named Emil Kraepelin expanded on Haslam’s views and gave a more accurate description of schizophrenia as we know it today. Kraeplin startedRead MoreSchizophreni A Psychotic Disorder1364 Words   |  6 PagesSchizophrenia Schizophrenia is considered a psychotic disorder according to the DSM (American Psychological Association, 2013). Schizophrenia is one of the most commonly known of the psychotic disorders. A person who is schizophrenic must meet the following criteria according to the DSM (American Psychological Association, 2013). The person has to have at least 2 or more of the following Delusion, Hallucination, disorganized speech, Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior, and negative symptomsRead More Ethical Analysis of A Beautiful Mind Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Analysis of â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† â€Å"A Beautiful mind† is a story based on the life of John Forbes Nash, who is a famous mathematician. Unfortunately, he is suffering from paranoid schizophrenia that majorly affects his personal and social life. Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder in which the patient’s ability to function is impaired by severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes (Hockenbury, 2010). John Nash, the main character, faces many challenges in his professionalRead MoreThe Effects Of Schizophrenia And How It Not Only Effects People Essay1340 Words   |  6 PagesSchizophrenia Xavier Pizarro December 3, 2016 Monroe College Psych. Of Abnormal Behavior Abstract This essay will be tackling the topic of Schizophrenia and how it not only effects people but the many different treatments they can choose from and have to continue to go through for a majority of their lives. It will also show some statistics and some facts you may or may not know but hopefully it will open up some doors you haven’t been through and answer any potential question you might have aboutRead MoreSchizophrenia Case Study1627 Words   |  7 Pageswith schizophrenia compared with second year students although 38.7 % of the sixth-year students still perceived individuals with schizophrenia as being dangerous. Recently, Danaci and colleagues (32) recruited 106 freshman medical school students, who did not receive any theoretical or practical training on psychiatry. After 5 years, students who completed their psychiatry internship were recruited again. Their results revealed that students’ attitudes toward individuals with schizophrenia changed

Journal of the Plague Year and Frankenstein Free Essays

The Plague and Frankenstein The quest for knowledge is eternal and almost never-ending. People devote their lives to studying and advancing their knowledge, but their advancement is always held in check by society and the people who studied before them. Several novels have been written which explore the effect knowledge and its limitations can have on society. We will write a custom essay sample on Journal of the Plague Year and Frankenstein or any similar topic only for you Order Now This paper will focus on Defoe’s Journal of the Plague Year, and Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus. Even though these two novels were written about 100 years apart, they still exemplify many aspects as to why knowledge has limitations. While Defoe’s Journal centers on how to prevent and cure the plague, with a heavy emphasis on religion, Shelley’s Frankenstein has little to no religious affiliation, and focuses on how science and knowledge can potentially lead to evil and misfortune. The plague was a severe and devastating disease which affected Europe multiple times throughout history; each time killing every person who came down with the disease. People are fortunate enough today to have a cure for this disease, but during the 1700s, there was no cure and very little knowledge about proper medical practices. Defoe mentions how signs were posted throughout London, claiming of people who knew of a cure or treatment for the plague, however some of these treatments â€Å"prepared their bodies for the plague, instead of preserving them against it. †1 Thieves and pick-pockets robbed and cheated poor people out of their money with scams, sometimes even poisoning their victims with tonics or â€Å"physicks† that could include such poisons as Mercury in them. These scammers were all throughout the city, appealing to the desires and abundance of the poor. There was no regulation of such business practices and advertisements made ridiculous claims of free help, only to deceive the poor once they got there, forcing them to pay for what may (or may not) help them. These practices were quite cruel and unjust, but people were so scared for their lives that they were willing to do anything which would allow them to live. Not every person in the city fell victim to these scams. Many people once they heard news that the plague had reached London decided to flee and head to some far off town where they might be able to avoid catching the disease. This plight from the city was not only a rational decision, but a religious one as well. Much debate between people in London was sparked about the religious justification for staying in the city, and trusting in God to protect them where they were, or to leave London and â€Å"trust God with [their] safety and health†. 3 For the main character in this novel, H. F. struggles with this decision because he can leave London and live with his relatives, and risk losing all of his possessions, but he ultimately decides to stay, viewing his decision as remaining faithful to God. Upon informing his brother of this decision, he learns that the person, who he was going to entrust with his property during his leave, became ill with the plague, only enforcing H. F. ’s feelings that he made the correct decision to stay in God’s faith. 4 Once the plague hit London with full force, the city was forced to find a new way in which to contain this disease. Instead of looking to the filth with which people lived in, and regarding that it could be carried by animals such as rats, the town determined that each house was to be inspected by doctors, and if the plague should be found within a home, the inhabitants would be locked inside the house, only to come out if they died or the disease had passed. Each home which the plague was found in had a red cross painted on the door, marking it for all to see, and a Watchman was assigned to make sure nobody went in or out of the house, and to run errands for the family if need be. This cruel idea caused many families to parish in their own homes, while others tried to escape by either sneaking out or attacking/threatening the watchmen. In the book Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus, by Mary Shelley, the underlying theme is how knowledge and power can lead to misery and destruction. In the book, Victor Frankenstein goes off to college and becomes obsessed with several different types of philoso phy and science. He becomes absorbed in â€Å"the secret of life† and he ultimately tries to recreate it. He is successful and brings life to a monster so hideous that even he cannot bear to be around. Frankenstein tries to desert the monster which he created, but he is never fully able to, as the monster follows and spies on Frankenstein and kills part of his family. Frankenstein is appalled that his creation could have begun to cause such horror and pain to people around him, but is worried that if he tells anyone about the monster which he has created, then he himself will look like a madman. The monster himself is eager for affection from humans, but everywhere he goes, he is shunned and forced away from the town due to people being in fear of him. The monster spends much time watching the actions of a family of peasants, where from his hiding place he is able to learn how to speak French as well as read. After some time he ultimately decides that they are a very compassionate family and that he should reveal himself to them, upon doing this, they are disgusted and chase him away. The monster vows to get revenge on Frankenstein and first begins by killing his little brother whom he stumbles across in the forest in Geneva. He then plants the child’s necklace on a friend of Victor’s, to make her appear as the murderer. She is tried for the crime and hung for it. The monster realizes that his only chance for happiness lies within Frankenstein creating him a female companion. He persuades Frankenstein to create him a female saying that he will leave mankind alone forever and go live in some distant land if he has a companion to go with him. 7 As Frankenstein has begun work on his second monster in Scotland, he is reminded of how crazy he became when creating his first monster, and upon catching a glimpse of his monster watching him through the window, Frankenstein freaks out, and destroys the second body which he is creating. The monster upon seeing this is enraged and promises to kill the rest of Frankenstein’s friends and family. This promise holds true, for Frankenstein loses his best friend that night, his wife on his wedding night, and his father. Rather than heed to the monster’s wishes and create a wife for him, Frankenstein was overcome with the guilt of the deaths of his monsters first two victims. He worries that in creating another, he will be creating a duo of evil that will wreak havoc upon the human race. For it was his fault in the first place which let his imagination get a hold of himself and he wanted to create life for himself. This intense lust for knowledge which Frankenstein has ultimately leads to his demise. He becomes mad in his quest and ends up destroying everyone dear to him as well as himself in the end. Both The Journal of the Plague Year and Frankenstein or the Modern Prometheus have heavy themes about knowledge. Defoe’s Journal specifically focuses on how disease was treated and what the methods were to try to cure it. The Journal also has a heavy religious force in it as well. The people in the story as well as the main characters, look towards Bible versus and quotes for guidance in their decision making. This is not the same as in Frankenstein where the main character becomes god-like himself with his creation of life. This major difference is most likely due to the fact that the novels were written about 100 years apart from each other and people’s views how religion affected their daily lives had greatly changed. There is very little mentioned in Frankenstein about religion at all. In each novel, there is excess knowledge than what people have the capacity for; therefore in The Journal, London makes the harsh decision to lock people in their own homes in order to prevent the spread of the plague; while in Frankenstein, his ever persistent quest for knowledge winds up killing him and those dearest to him. The novels are almost a warning as to what effect knowledge can have on society and suggest, that as Socrates said, â€Å"the only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing. † How to cite Journal of the Plague Year and Frankenstein, Papers

Spring Tides Essay Research Paper The tides free essay sample

Spring Tides Essay, Research Paper The tides at a given topographic point in the Earth # 8217 ; s oceans occur about an hr subsequently each twenty-four hours. Since the Moon base on ballss overhead about an hr subsequently each twenty-four hours, it was long suspected that the Moon was associated with tides. Newton # 8217 ; s Law of Gravitation provided a quantitative apprehension of that association. Differential Forces See a H2O molecule in the ocean. It is attracted gravitationally by the Earth, but it besides experiences a much smaller gravitative attractive force from the Moon ( much smaller because the Moon is much further off and much less monolithic than the Earth ) . But this gravitative attractive force of the Moon is non limited to the H2O molecules ; in fact, the Moon exerts a gravitative force on every object on and in the Earth. Tides occur because the Earth is a organic structure of finite extent and these forces are non unvarying: some parts of the Earth are closer to the Moon than other parts, and since the gravitative force beads off as the opposite square distance, those parts experience a larger gravitative jerk from the Moon than parts that are farther off. In this state of affairs, which is illustrated schematically in the next figure, we say that differential forces act on the organic structure ( the Earth in this illustration ) . The consequence of differential forces on a organic structure is to falsify the organic structure. The organic structure of the Earth is instead stiff, so such deformation effects are little ( but finite ) . However, the fluid in the Earth # 8217 ; s oceans is much more easy deformed and this leads to important tidal effects. A Simple Tidal Model We may exemplify the basic thought with a simple theoretical account of a planet wholly covered by an ocean of unvarying deepness, with negligible clash between the ocean and the implicit in planet, as illustrated in the next figure. The gravitative attractive force of the Moon produces two tidal bumps on opposite sides of the Earth. Without acquiring excessively much into the proficient inside informations, there are two bumps because of the differential gravitative forces. The liquid at point A is closer to the Moon and experiences a larger gravitative force than the Earth at point B or the ocean at point C. Because it experiences a larger attractive force, it is pulled off from the Earth, toward the Moon, therefore bring forthing the bump on the right side. Loosely, we may believe of the bump on the left side as arising because the Earth is pulled off from the H2O on that side because the gravitative force exerted by the Moon at point B is larger than that exerted at point C. Then , as our idealised Earth rotates under these bumps, a given point on the surface will see two high and two low tides for each rotary motion of the planet. More Realistic Tidal Models The realistic state of affairs is well more complicated: The Earth a nd Moon are non inactive, as depicted in the predating diagram, but alternatively are in orbit around the common centre of mass for the system. The Earth is non covered with oceans, the oceans have changing deepnesss, and there is significant clash between the oceans and the Earth. These make a more realistic description much more complicated, but the indispensable thoughts remains as illustrated in the predating diagram. Here are realtime links to the present tidal conditions in San Francisco Bay and Houston-Galveston and here is a nexus to a set of graphs for the tidal degrees over current 24-hour periods for assorted tidal Stationss. Notice in comparing these graphs the differences in the elaborate tidal fluctuations for different locations ( for illustration, compare the graph for Tacoma, Washington, with that for South Pass, Louisiana ) . These differences are produced by the complicating factors mentioned above. Spring Tides and Neap Tides Another complication of a realistic theoretical account is that non merely the Moon, but other objects in the Solar System, influence the Earth # 8217 ; s tides. For most their tidal forces are negligible on Earth, but the differential gravitative force of the Sun does act upon our tides to some grade ( the consequence of the Sun on Earth tides is less than half that of the Moon ) . Competition between the Sun and Moon in bring forthing tides. For illustration, peculiarly big tides are experienced in the Earth # 8217 ; s oceans when the Sun and the Moon are lined up with the Earth at new and full stages of the Moon. These are called spring tides ( the name is non associated with the season of Spring ) . The sum of sweetening in Earth # 8217 ; s tides is about the same whether the Sun and Moon are lined up on opposite sides of the Earth ( full Lunar stage ) or on the same side ( new Lunar stage ) . Conversely, when the Moon is at first one-fourth or last one-fourth stage ( intending that it is located at right angles to the Earth-Sun line ) , the Sun and Moon interfere with each other in bring forthing tidal bumps and tides are by and large weaker ; these are called neap tides. The figure shown above illustrates jumping and neap tides. Tidal Coupling and Gravitational Locking We have introduced tides in footings of the consequence of the Moon on the Earth # 8217 ; s oceans, but the consequence is much more general, and has a figure of of import effects that we will discourse farther below. For illustration, as a effect of tidal interactions with the Moon, the Earth is easy diminishing its rotational period and finally the Earth and Moon will hold precisely the same rotational period, and these will besides precisely equal the orbital period. Thus, one million millions of old ages from now the Earth will ever maintain the same face turned toward the Moon, merely as the Moon already ever keeps the same face turned toward the Earth.